How to connect the refrigerator motor correctly

In order to install a compressor in the refrigerator, of course you should understand the principles of its operation and the functions it performs.

The engine tasks in all refrigeration systems are absolutely identical. The motor must pump out the heated refrigerant (most often, freon), pump it towards the condenser. The task of this component is to cool and, accordingly, to liquefy freon, which is directed and cools the air space in the refrigerator.

Connected compressor in operation

Refrigeration compressor circuit

Today there are a lot of refrigerators and they are all different: they differ not only in external parameters, but also in schemes. We will consider the installation of the compressor as an example Atlant refrigerators, however, to adapt it and apply it to another unit will not be any problems.

Most of all compressors are piston type. Their design includes:

• engine cover;
• cover (casing);
• engine;
• stator and rotor;
• stator mountings;
• crankshaft;
• the neck of the crankshaft (including the main);
• backstage slider and clip;
• discharge pipe;
• suspension spring and studs;
• bracket;
• bearing;

Wiring diagram

The principle is quite simple, it is widely used in many devices containing an electric motor. The engine rotates the crankshaft, which is located inside the housing. With each revolution of the piston the piston is driven; rotational-translational movements are obtained. This causes the gas to pass through the suction valve, and then enter the refrigeration chamber.

To install the motor correctly, you should carefully study the operation of the relay.

The relay starts the engine and turns it off at the right moments. Thus, it “saves” the engine from overloads, makes it work in a more gentle mode, extending the service life by tens, and sometimes even hundreds of times.

Refrigeration system assembly algorithm

Before you begin, we recommend that you study the compressor connection diagram in detail.

Trigger relay device

In order to replace (install) the compressor, we need a tester (multimeter), a compressor and, of course, a start relay. It is important to remember that start the compressor without relay it is possible, however, this is done only for the sake of checking the engine, for diagnostic purposes. If you want to install a motor in order to get a working full-fledged refrigerator, you should always connect a relay.

The multimeter should be set to kilo-ohms (or Ohms), and then measure the resistance between the windings of the capacitor. The working winding will be the place where the resistance is minimal. This place should be connected to the 220 Volt network through a relay.

We get a relay to which 4 wires are connected: 2 go from the capacitor, 2 directly from the plug. The relay should be connected to the motor and plug in 220 V.

This allows you to test the compressor: after connecting to the network, air must be sucked into one tube, and from the other, to be blown out.

Refrigerator compressor wedging pattern

It often happens that after connecting, the engine does not work. The reason, almost always, is the wedge. To avoid it, to run to the service is not necessary at all, you can wedge yourself.

Compressor: inside view

You will need a special device that consists of two diodes. The device must be connected to the motor windings and given a short-term voltage for several seconds. After this, after 30 seconds, repeat the procedure. The wedging occurs due to the "swinging" of the motor - with a frequency of 50 Hz, the shaft moves in both directions, such vibrations completely stop the wedge.